Phage and vancomycin co-delivery hydrogel reduces MRSA load in a fracture-related infection model (npj Biofilms and Microbiomes)

A hydrogel loaded with a phage cocktail and vancomycin gave a 99.72% reduction in MRSA biofilm in vitro and maintained activity for eight days. In vivo, the co-delivery hydrogel with systemic antibiotic reduced bacterial load by 0.99 log10 CFU versus controls, with active phages detected in tissues and no phage resistance in the phage treatment groups.